Forest species for biocultural restoration in eastern Amazon, Brazil

Authors

  • Vivian do Carmo Loch Programa de Pós-graduação em Agroecologia - Universidade Estadual do Maranhão
  • Danielle Celentano Conservação Internacional (CI – Brasil)
  • Raysa Valeria Carvalho Saraiva Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Campus Pinheiro, Coordenação do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Naturais/ Biologia
  • Swanni T. Alvarado Programa de Pós-graduação em Agricultura e Ambiente e Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia, Natureza e Dinâmica do Espaço - Universidade Estadual do Maranhão
  • Flávia de Freitas Berto
  • Raymony Tayllon Serra Programa de Pós-graduação em Agroecologia - Universidade Estadual do Maranhão
  • João Castro Barroso
  • Tatuxa'a Awa Guajá
  • Guillaume Xavier Rousseau Programa de Pós-graduação em Agroecologia - Universidade Estadual do Maranhão

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15451/ec2023-02-12.03-1-15

Keywords:

Biocultural restoration, Associated Traditional Knowledge, Cultural key species, LULC

Abstract

 Amazon deforestation damages nature, people, and their closer biocultural relationship, eroding fundamental elements for its reproduction. The recognition and use of traditional knowledge to plan and implement restoration efforts are essential to its success. This study identified forest tree species of biocultural value for indigenous communities, quilombolas, and settled farmers in Maranhão state, eastern Brazilian Amazon. Semi-structured interviews, informal conversations, Free Lists, and guided walks were carried out in three different landscapes to identify species with ecological importance and/or use-value according to local communities’ perceptions. Eight categories of species use were defined (food, woody, medicinal, income, cultural, hunting, honey, and energy); and the Smith Salience Index (S) was utilized to identify species with higher importance. A total of 58 native trees (S > 0.1) were listed as biocultural species, five of which were cited for ecological importance only, without a use-value associated. The highest number of species with cultural salience (S > 0.1) was reported in the indigenous group (47), followed by settlers (11) and quilombolas (9). Among the indigenous, we identified a higher number of uses for the same species, and a remarkable spiritual relationship with plants from their cosmological vision. The reproduction of biocultural values in societies needs to receive more attention in the restoration science and praxis. The identification of species of biocultural value can serve as an important ally for the assertive design of conservation and restoration initiatives.

Author Biography

Vivian do Carmo Loch, Programa de Pós-graduação em Agroecologia - Universidade Estadual do Maranhão

Departamento de Agronomia

Área Ciências Agrárias

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03/10/2023

How to Cite

Loch, V. do C., Celentano, D., Carvalho Saraiva, R. V. ., T. Alvarado, S., de Freitas Berto , F., Tayllon Serra, R. ., Castro Barroso, J., Awa Guajá, T. ., & Xavier Rousseau, G. (2023). Forest species for biocultural restoration in eastern Amazon, Brazil. Ethnobiology and Conservation, 12. https://doi.org/10.15451/ec2023-02-12.03-1-15

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