Ethnoagroforestry management and soil fertility in the semiarid Tehuacán Valley, México
Visualizações: 2852DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15451/ec2017-06-6.5-1-16Palavras-chave:
Traditional agroforestry, semiarid ecosystem, manure, fallows, vegetation management, San Luis Atolotitlán Puebla.Resumo
Ethnoagroforestry practices and their relationship with soil fertility were studied in the semiarid Tehuacán Valley. Such practices involve management of manure, vegetation patches, wild and cultivated plants, soil, and water. This study aimed to: i) describe agroforestry management practices that influence soil fertility in maize multicultural system (milpa)-cacti forest (chichipera) AFS; ii) analyze the status of soil fertility in cultivated areas of these AFS; and iii) analyze the influence of agroforestry practices on soil nutrimental parameters of cultivated areas.
In depth interviews were conducted, along with participatory tours with peasants and soil sampling in the agroforestry plots. Ethnoagroforestry practices favor adequate levels of macronutrients and organic matter in the milpa-chichipera AFS, despite Fe, Cu, and Zn deficiencies. The supply of organic matter is fundamental because it preserves soil fertility and moisture in all the plots studied. Smallholders (43%) use manure, but in irregular and insufficient way. Only 27% of interviewed people leave the land fallow for 1-2 after periods of 2-4 years of use, which does not allow the soil to reestablish fertility. Smallholders practice wild vegetation management, enabling 90% of plots to reach a high level of vegetation cover (>25%), furthermore 33% of agroforestry plots depend exclusively on this management to reestablish soil fertility. Labor force, economic conditions and plots characteristics influence agroforestry management. The amount of manure and the interaction between the agroforestry practices (vegetation cover, type of agroforestry practices, amount of manure, and fallow years) are related to the presence of N, K, Cu and B in the soil. To maintain and improve soil fertility in the milpa-chichipera AFS is important to consider local practices, biophysical conditions, and socio-economic factors.
Downloads
Referências
Altieri MA (1991) ¿Por qué estudiar la agricultura tradicional? Revista de CLADES. No. 1
Altieri MA (2004) Linking ecologists and traditional farmers in the search for sustainable agriculture. Front Ecol Environ 2: 35-42 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0035:LEATFI]2.0.CO;2
Altieri MA, Nicholls NI (2005) Agroecology and the search for a truly sustainable agriculture. United Nations Environment Programme, México
Altieri MA, Toledo VM (2005) Natural resource management among small-scale farmers in semi-arid lands: building on traditional knowledge and agroecology. 44(3): 365-385
Ankerman D, Large R (1977) Soil and plant analysis. A and L Agricultural Laboratories, Memphis
Azcón-Bieto J, Talón M (2008) Fundamentos de Fisiología Vegetal. McGraw-Hill, Madrid
Blancas J., Casas A, Rangel-Landa S, Moreno-Calles A, Torres I, Pérez-Negrón E, Solís L, Delgado-Lemus A, Parra F, Arellano Y, Caballero J, Cortés L, Lira R, Dávila P (2010) Plant managment in the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, México. Econ Bot 4: 287-302 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-010-9133-0
Brady NC, Weil RR (2008) The nature and properties of soils. Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey
Campbell BM, Frost P, King JA, Mawanza M, Mhlanga L (1994) The influence of trees on soil fertility on two contrasting semi-arid soil types at Matopos, Zimbawe. Agroforest Syst 28: 159-172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00704827
Campos N, A Casas, A I Moreno-Calles, M Vallejo (2016). Plant management in agroforestry systems of rosetophyllous forests in the Tehuacán Valley, Mexico. Econ. Bot. 70: 254-269. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-016-9352-0
Cariño M, Castorena L, Maya Y, Wurl J, Urciaga J, Breceda A (2012) Transformación de los ecosistemas áridos para su uso agrícola en Baja California Sur, México. Un análisis desde la historia ambiental. Historia Agraria 56: 81-106.
Casas A, Caballero J, Mapes C y Zárate S. 1997. Manejo de la vegetación, domesticación de plantas y origen de la agricultura en Mesoamérica. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México (Botanical Sciences) 61: 31-47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.1537
Casas, A., A. Otero-Arnaiz, E. Pérez-Negrón, y A. Valiente-Banuet. (2007). In situ management and domestication of plants in Mesoamerica. Annals of Botany 100(5): 1101-1115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcm126
Casas A, Valiente-Banuet A., Solís L, Pérez-Negrón E. (2010). El manejo de la biodiversidad en el desierto: El Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán. En: Toledo V.M.(Coord). La Biodiversidad de México. Fondo de Cultura Económica, México City, México.
Casas A, Valiente-Banuet A, Viveros JL, Caballero J, Cortés L, Dávila P, Lira R, Rodríguez I (2001) Plant resources of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán valley, México. Econ Bot 55: 129-166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02864551
Celaya-Michel H, Castellanos-Villegas AE (2011) Mineralización de nitrógeno en el suelo de zonas áridas y semiáridas. Terra Latinoamericana 29: 343-356
Chapin FS, Matson PA, Mooney HA (2002) Principles of terrestrial ecosystem ecology. Springer, New York DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/b97397
Dávila P, Arizmendi MC, Valiente-Banuet A, Villaseñor JL, Casas A, Lira R (2002) Biological diversity in the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico. Biodivers Conserv 11: 421-442 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014888822920
Ffolliott PF, Brooks KN, Gregersen HM, Lundgren AL(1995) Dryland forestry: Planting and management. John Wiley, New York
Geist HJ, Lambin EF (2004) Dynamic causal patterns of desertification. Bioscience 54(9): 817-829 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0817:DCPOD]2.0.CO;2
Granados-Sánchez D, López-Ríos GF, Hernández-Hernández J (2004) Agricultura nhanñhu-otomí del Valle de Mezquital, Hidalgo. Terra Latinoamericana 22: 117-126
Gliessman SR (2002) Agroecología: procesos ecológicos en agricultura sostenible. Unidad de Comunicación CATIE, Costa Rica
Hagin J, Tucker B (1982) Fertilization of dryland and irrigated soils. Springer-Verlag, New York DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68327-5
Haileslassie A, Priess JA, Veldkamp E, Lessehen JP (2006) Smallholders’ soil fertility management in the central highlands of Ethiopia: implications for nutrient stocks, balances and sustainability of agroecosystems. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 75: 135-146 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-006-9017-y
Harris E (2002) Management of manure in farming systems in semi-arid West Africa. Exp Agric 38: 131-14 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479702000212
Hoffmann I, Gerling D, Kyiogwom US,. Mané-Bielfeldt A (2001) Farmers’ management strategies to maintain soil fertility in a remote area in northwest Nigeria. Agric Ecosyst Environ 86: 263-275 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(00)00288-7
Jock RA, Dillon JL (1992) Risk analysis in dryland farming systems. Food and Agriculture Organization. 2: 1-109
Kassas M (1995) Desertification: a general review. Journal of Arid Environments. 30: 115-128 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-1963(05)80063-1
Krebs C (2013) Ecological methodology. Adisson-Welsey educational publishers, USA
Koohafkan P, Stewart BA (2008) Water and cereals in drylands. Food and Agriculture Organization and Earthscan, London
López R, Villavicencio-Floriani E, Real-Rosas MA, Ramírez-Barajas J, Murillo-Amador B (2003) Macronutrimentos en suelos de desierto con potencial agrícola. Terra Latinoamaericana 21: 333-340
López-Galindo F, Muñoz-Iniestra D, Hernández-Moreno M, Soler-Aburto A, Castillo-López MC, Hernández-Arzate I (2003) Análisis integral de la toposecuencia y su influencia en la distribución de la vegetación y la degradación del suelo en la subcuenca de Zapotitlán Salinas, Puebla. Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 56: 19-41 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18268/BSGM2003v56n1a3
Maya Y, Coria R, Domínguez R, Arriaga L, Rodríguez-Estrella R (1997) Caracterización de los oasis. En: Arriaga L, Rodríguez-Estrella R (eds.) Los oasis de la Península de Baja California. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste- SIMAC, La Paz, pp 5-25
Moreno-Calles AI, Casas A (2008) Conservación de biodiversidad y sustentabilidad en sistemas agroforestales de zonas áridas del valle de Tehuacán, México. Zonas Áridas 12: 13-35.
Moreno-Calles AI, Casas A, Blancas J, Torres I, Masera O, Caballero J, García-Barrios L, Pérez-Negrón E, Rangel-Landa S (2010) Agroforestry systems and biodiversity conservation in arid zones: the case of the Tehuacán Valley, Central México. Agroforest Syst 80: 315-331 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-010-9349-0
Moreno-Calles AI, Casas A, Torres-García I, García-Frapolli E (2012) Traditional agroforestry systems of multicrop milpa and chichipera cactus forest in the arid Tehuacán Valley, México: Their management and role in people´s subsistence. Agroforest Syst 84: 207-226 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-011-9460-x
Moreno-Calles AI, Toledo VM, Casas A (2013) Los sistemas agroforestales tradicionales de México: una aproximación biocultural. Bot Sci 91: 375-398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.419
Moreno-Calles A. I., A Casas, A D Rivero-Romero, Y Romero, R A Fisher Ortíz, F Alvarado, Mariana Vallejo, Dídac Santos-Fita (2016). Ethnoagroforestry: Integration of biocultural diversity for sovereignty (food) in Mexico. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedine 12 (54):2-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-016-0127-6
Moreno-Calles A I, Alejandro Casas, VM Toledo, M Vallejo-Ramos (Eds.) (2016). Etnoagroforestería en México. UNAM, 345 páginas. ISBN: 978-607-02-8164-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22201/enesmorelia.9786070286414e.2016
Nair PKR (1993) An introduction to agroforestry. Kluwer academic publishers, The Netherlands DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1608-4
Parr JF, Stewart BA, Hornick SB and Singh RP (1990) Improving the sustainability of dryland farming systems: a global perspective. Advances in soil science. 13: 1-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8982-8_1
Palerm JV (1997) La persistencia y expansion de sistemas agrícolas tradicionales: El caso de huamil en el bajio mexicano. Monograf Jard Bot Córdoba 5:121-133
Place F, Franzel S, Dewolf J, Rommelse R, Kwesiga F, Niang A, Jama A (2002) Agroforestry for soil fertility replenishment: evidence on adoption processes in Kenya and Zambia. In: Barret CB, Place F, Aboud AA (eds) Natural resources management in African agriculture: understanding and improving current practices. CABI, Oxfordshire, pp 155-168 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851995847.0155
Place F, Barrey CB, Freeman HA, Ramisch JJ, Vanlauwe B (2003) Prospects for integrated soil fertility management using organic and inorganic inputs: evidence from smallholder African agricultural systems. Food Policy 28: 365-378. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2003.08.009
Pretty JN, (1995) Regenerating agriculture: policies and practice for sustaintability and self-reliance. Joseph Henry, London
Quinn GP, Keough MJ (2002) Experimental Design and Data Analysis for Biologists. Cambridge University Press, New York DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511806384
Quiroga A, Bono A (2012) Manual de fertilidad y evaluación de suelos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. 89:
R Development Core Team. 2011. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051-07-0, URL http://www.R-project.org/.
Reynolds JF, Maestre FT, Huber-Sanwald E, Herrick J, Kemp PR (2005) Aspectos socioeconómicos y biofísicos de la desertificación. Ecosistemas 14: 3-21
SEMARNAT (2002) Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-021-SEMARNAT-2000. Publishing Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales de México. http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=717582&fecha=31/12/2002 Accesed 20 October 2013
Scheiner SM (2001) MANOVA, multiple response variables and multiespecies interactions. In: Scheiner SM, Gurevitch J (eds) Design and análisis of ecological experiments. Oxford University Press, New York
Styger E, Fernandes ECM (2006) Contributions of managed fallows to soil fertility recovery. In: Uphoff N, Ball AS, Fernandes E, Herren H, Husson O, Laing M, Palm C, Pretty J, Sanchez PA, Sanginga N, Thies JE (eds) Biological approaches to sustainable soil systems. CRC Taylos & Francis, Florida, pp 425–437
Tittonell P, Vanlauwe B, Leffelaar PA, Rowe EC, Shepherd KD (2005) Exploring diversity in soil fertility management of smallholder farms in western Kenya I. Heterogeneity at region and farm scale. Agric Ecosyst Environ 110: 149-165 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2005.04.001
Toledo VM, Ortiz-Espejel B, Cortés L, Moguel P Ordoñez MDJ (2003) The multiple use of tropical forests by idigenous people in Mexico: a case of adaptive management. Publishing Conservation Ecology. http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol7/iss3/art9/ Accesed 2 October 2013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-00524-070309
Toledo VM, Barrera-Bassols N (2008) La memoria biocultural: La importancia ecológica de las sabidurías tradicionales. Icaria, España
Torres I (2004) Aspectos ecológicos y etnobotánicos de los recursos vegetales en el Valle de Tehuacan-Cuicatlán. Bachelor Dissertation Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo.
Vallejo-Ramos M, AI Moreno Calles, A Casas (2016). TEK and biodiversity management in agroforestry systems by different human cultures. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 12(31):1-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-016-0102-2
Vallejo-Ramos M., A. Casas, E. Pérez-Negrón, A I Moreno-Calles, O. Hernández Ordoñez, O Téllez y P. Dávila. (2015). Agroforestry systems of the lowland alluvial valleys of the Tehuacán- Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve: an evaluation of their biocultural capacity. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 11:8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-11-8
Valiente-Banuet A, Dávila P, Casas A, Arizmendi MC, Ortega-Ramírez J (2006) Diversidad biológica y desarrollo sustentable en la reserva de la biosfera Tehuacán Cuicatlán. In: Oyama K, Castillo A (eds) Manejo, conservación y restauración de recursos naturales en México: Perspectivas de la Investigación Científica. Editorial Siglo XXI, Distrito Federal, pp 248-277.
Ugboh O, Ulebor JU (2011) Application of integrated soil fertility approach in the improvement of soil fertility in semi-arid ecology. J Agric Soc Res 11: 81-86
Vandermeer JH (2011) The ecology of agroecosystems. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, USA
Weil RR, Magdoff F (2004) Significance of soil organic matter to soil quality and health. In: Magdoff F, Weil RR (eds) Soil organic matter in sustainable agriculture. CRC Press, Florida, pp 1-44 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203496374.ch1
Weltzin JF, Coughenour MB (1990) Savanna tree influence on understory vegetation and soil nutrients in northwestern Kenya. J Veg Sci 1: 325-334 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3235707
Whitford DT, Pastor J (1993) Nitrogen mineralization dynamics in grass monocultures. Oecología, 96: 186-192 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317731
Williams T (1999) Factor influencing manure application by farmers in semi-arid west Africa. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 55: 15-22 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009817323039
Young A (1997) Agroforestry for soil management. CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851991894.0000
Zomer RJ, Trabucco A, Coe R, Place F (2009) Trees on farm: Analysis of global extent and geographical patterns of agroforestry. Publishing ICRAF Working Paper.http://www.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/Publications/PDFS/WP14064.pdf. Accesed 4 November 2013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5716/WP16263.PDF
Downloads
- PDF (English) 1331
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Declaração de direito autoral de teste.
