A century-old fishery in Guanabara bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: The perspective of fishers on the challenges faced in the 21st century

Sérgio Ricardo Santos; Thaís Maciel; Andreia Silva; Luiza Garcia; Marcelo Vianna

doi:10.15451/ec2025-10-14-37-1-14

Autores

Sérgio Ricardo Santos BioTecPesca, Instituto Museu Aquário Marinho do Rio de Janeiro
Thaís Maciel BioTecPesca
Andreia Silva BioTecPesca
Luiza Garcia BioTecPesca
Marcelo Vianna BioTecPesca, Instituto Museu Aquário Marinho do Rio de Janeiro

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15451/ec2025-10-14-37-1-14

Palavras-chave:

Ethnoknowledge, Small-scale fisheries, Conservation

Resumo

Guanabara Bay is an important estuary on the South American coast, both for its ecological role, still sustaining the most diverse estuarine fish fauna in Brazil, and for being inserted in the one of world’s largest metropolitan areas, suffering a historic process of hypereutrophication. The fish weir (FWR), an artisanal fishing practiced for centuries, are responsible for generating income and food security for a considerable number of inhabitants. Our research focused on the Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) as an essential tool to overcome the serious lack of data about this traditional fishery, based on semi-structured interviews with fishers identified by the local community as reliable sources on the history of environmental changes and the production of the FWR over the last 30 years. The reports produced a picture of decline in fisheries production, both in terms of landing values and the reduction in body size of the main resource associated with this fishery, the mullet Mugil liza, and increase costs of construction of the fishing gear. The reports were crossed with information gathered in loco about the construction of FWR structures to determine the extent of the use of illegal mangrove wood. The study reinforces the relevance of LEK for the development of a historical overview of fisheries and highlights the position of fishers towards local environmental management and points of conflict that need to be addressed to guarantee the successful protection of the last mangrove remnant inserted in the third largest metropolitan area in South America.

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