Management of native and exotic plant species with edible fruits in a rural community in a protected area of NW Patagonia

Melina F. Chamorro; Ana H. Ladio

doi:10.15451/ec2021-02-10.14-1-24

Authors

Melina F. Chamorro INIBIOMA
Ana H. Ladio INIBIOMA Universidad Nacional del Comahue- CONICET, Argentina http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7397-7996

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15451/ec2021-02-10.14-1-24

Keywords:

Biocultural Conservation, Gathering, Diversification , Traditions

Abstract

Management practices are very sensitive to socio-environmental change and the influence of market society. This case study was carried out in the Cuyín Manzano rural community, situated in a protected area within the North Patagonian UNESCO biosphere reserve. We investigate the differential practices applied by the community with regard to management of native and introduced species with edible fruits using semi-structured and free interviews in 11 homes (80%). A Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) was also performed to validate the field results. The data was analyzed quali-quantitatively, in the latter case with Generalized Linear Models. A total richness of 27 species was found, of which 11 were native and 17 introduced. Native plants were mainly managed by gathering and tolerance, while exotic species were not only harvested, but also protected, sown and transplanted, and plants inherited from forebears were cared for. Management intensity varied according to origin, being greater for the introduced species. In addition, the species of greater cultural importance were also those which experienced a higher number of management practices, with possible processes of incipient domestication being particularly notable for two native plants. Exotic plants have a higher probability of being managed, and with greater intensity, than native ones, even though the latter have had a much longer history of use. Our results show patterns of diversification of edible fruit species through different management practices. For inhabitants, these practices represent significant situations of contact with nature, which enable traditions based on local knowledge to be maintained.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abbasi AM, Khan MA, Khan N, Shah MH (2013) Ethnobotanical survey of medicinally important wild edible fruits species used by tribal communities of Lesser Himalayas-Pakistan. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 148:528–536 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.04.050

Agresti A (2007) An introduction to categorical data analysis. Second ed. Jhon Wiley and Sons, New Jersey, USA DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/0470114754

Agresti A (2015) Foundations of linear and generalized linear models. Jhon Wiley and Sons, New Jersey, USA

Aguirre-Dugua X, Eguiarte LE, González-Rodrgíuez A, Casas A (2012) Round and large: Morphological and genetic consequences of artificial selection on the gourd tree Crescentia cujete by the Maya of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Annals of Botany 109:1297–1306 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcs068

Albuquerque UP (2006) Re-examining hypotheses concerning the use and knowledge of medicinal plants: a study in the Caatinga vegetation of NE Brazil. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2: 1-30 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-2-30

Albuquerque UP, Paiva de Lucena RF, Cruz da Cunha LVF (Eds) (2010) Métodos e técnicas na pesquisa Etnobiológica y Etnoecológica. NUPEEA, Recife, Brazil

Avocèvou-Ayisso C, Sinsin B, Adégbidi A, Dossou G, Van Damme P (2009) Sustainable use of non-timber forest products: Impact of fruit harvesting on Pentadesma butyracea regeneration and financial analysis of its products trade in Benin. Forest Ecology and Management 257:1930–1938 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.01.043

Blancas J, Casas A, D. P-S, Caballero J, Vega E (2013) Ecological and socio-cultural factors influencing plant management in Náhuatl communities of the Tehuacán Valley, Mexico. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 9:1–22 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-39

Blancas J, Casas A, Lira R, Caballero J (2009) Traditional Management and Morphological Patterns of Myrtillocactus schenckii (Cactaceae) in the Tehuacán Valley, Central Mexico. Economic Botany 63:375–387 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-009-9095-2

Blancas J, Casas A, Rangel-Landa S, Moreno-Calles A, Torres I, Pérez-Negrón E, Solís L, Delgado-Lemus A, Parra F, Arellanes Y, Caballero J, Cortés L, Lira R, Dávila P (2010) Plant Management in the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico. Economic Botany 64:287–302 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-010-9133-0

Bridgewater PB (2002) Biosphere reserves: Special places for people and nature. Environmental Science and Policy 5:9–12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1462-9011(02)00018-7

Bvenura C, Sivakumar D (2017) The role of wild fruits and vegetables in delivering a balanced and healthy diet. Food Research International 99:15–30 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.06.046

Canale A, Ladio A (2020) La recolección de piñones de Pewe (Araucaria araucana): una situación significativa que conecta a niños mapuches con la naturaleza. Gaia Scientia 14:12–32 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.1981-1268.2020v14n1.47620

Capparelli A, Hilgert N, Ladio A, Lema VS, Llano C, Molares S, Pochettino ML, Stampella P (2011) Paisajes culturales de Argentina: Pasado y presente desde las perspectivas etnobotánica y paleoetnobotánica. Rev. de la Asoc. Argent. Ecol. Paisajes 2:67–79

Casas A, Torres-Guevara J, Parra F (Eds) (2017) Domesticación en el continente americano. Volumen 2. Editorial Morevalladolid, Morelia, México DOI: https://doi.org/10.22201/iies.0000001p.2016

Casas A, Otero-Arnaiz A, Pérez-Negrón E, Valiente-Banuet A (2007) In situ management and domestication of plants in Mesoamerica. Annals of Botany 100:1101–1115 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcm126

Casas A, Caballero J, Mapes C, Zárate S (1997) Manejo de la vegetación y domesticación de plantas y origen de la agricultura en Mesoamerica. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México 61:31–47 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.1537

Casas A, Vásquez MC, Viveros JL, Caballero J (1996) Plant management among Nahua na the Mixtec from the Balsas River Basin: and ethnobotanical approach to the study of plant domestication. Human Ecology 24:455–478 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02168862

Chamorro MF, Ladio A (2020) Native and exotic plants with edible fleshy fruits utilized in Patagonia, and their role as sources of local functional foods. BMC Complementary & Alternative Medicine 20:1–16 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-02952-1

Chamorro MF, Reiner G, Theoduloz C, Ladio A, Schmeda-hirschmann G, Gómez-Alonso S, Jiménez-Aspee F (2019) Berberis Species and Wild Strawberry from the Argentinean Patagonia. Molecules 24:1–24 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24183331

Chamorro MF, Ladio A, Molares S (2018) Patagonian Berries: An ethnobotanical approach to exploration of their nutraceutical potential. In: Martínez J, Muñoz-Acevedo A, Rai M (Eds) Ethnobotany: Local Knowledge and Traditions. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 50–69 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429424069-4

Correa MN (1998) Flora Patagónica. Introducción. Colecciones Científicas del INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Correa MN (1988) Flora Patagónica. Dicotiledóneas, dialipétalas (Oxalidaceae a Cornaceae). Colecciones Científicas del INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Correa MN (1984) Flora Patagónica. Dicotiledóneas, dialipétalas (Salicaceae a Cruciferae). Colecciones Científicas del INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Correa MN (1971) Flora Patagónica. Compositae. Colecciones Científicas del INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Crawley MJ (2013) Second Edition. First ed. Jhon Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK

Cruse-Sanders J, Casas A (2017) Impactos evolutivos de las actividades humanas sobre las plantas: manejo, domesticación y conservación in situ y ex situ. In: Casas A, Torres-Guevara J, Parra F (eds) Domesticación en el continente americano. Second ed. Editorial Morellavalladolid, Morelia, pp. 451–473

Damascos MA, Prado CHB, Ladio A, Arribere MA, Guevara SR (2005) Consequences of the elimination of old leaves upon spring phenological events and the new leaves nutrient concentration in a wintergreen woody species in the Southern hemisphere. Plant Ecology 181:1–8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-004-2847-2

Díaz S, Pascual U, Stenseke M, Martín-López B, Watson RT, Molnár Z, Hill R, Chan KMA, Baste IA, Brauman KA, Polasky S, Church A, Lonsdale M, Larigauderie A, Leadley PW, van Oudenhoven APE, van der Plaat F, Schröter M, Lavorel S, Aumeeruddy-Thomas Y, Bukvareva E, Davies K, Demissew S, Erpul G, Failler P, Guerra CA, Hewitt CL, Keune H, Lindley S, Shirayama Y (2018) Assessing nature’s contributions to people. Science, 359:270–272 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap8826

Ezcurra C, Brion C (2005) Plantas del Nahuel Huapi. Catálogo de la flora vascular del Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi, Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue- Red Latinoamericana de Botánica, Bariloche, Argentina

Fowler C, Lepofsky D (2011) Traditional Resource and Environmental Management. In: Anderson E, Pearsall D, Hunn E, Turner N (eds) Ethnobiology. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, p. 400 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118015872.ch17

Furlan V, Pochettino ML, Hilgert NI (2017) Management of Fruit Species in Urban Home Gardens of Argentina Atlantic Forest as an Influence for Landscape Domestication. Frontiers in Plant Science 8:1–12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01690

González-Insuasti MS, Caballero J (2007) Managing plant resources: How intensive can it be? Human Ecology 35:303–314 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-006-9063-8

González-Insuasti MS, Martorell C, Caballero J (2008) Factors that influence the intensity of non-agricultural management of plant resources. Agroforestry Systems 74:1–15 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-008-9148-z

González-Soberanis C, Casas A (2004) Traditional management and domestication of tempesquistle, Sideroxylon palmeri (Sapotaceae) in the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Central Mexico. Journal of Arid Environments 59:245–258 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.01.018

Grasser S, Schunko C, Vogl CR (2012) Gathering “tea” - from necessity to connectedness with nature. Local knowledge about wild plant gathering in the Biosphere Reserve Grosses Walsertal (Austria). Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 8:1–23 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-8-31

Hajduk A, Albornoz AM, Lezcano MJ (2008) Arqueología del Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi (Provincia de Río Negro y Neuquén). Las ocupaciones tempranas de la transición Pleistoceno-Holoceno al Holoceno Medio en el área boscosa-lacustre ” 1 . 1–17

Ladio AH (2017) Panorama etnoecológico de a pequeña horticultura familiar en enclaves rurales y urbanos del centronorte de a Patagonia. In: Duarte Almada E, Olveira e Souza M (eds) Quintais, Memória, resistência e patrimônio biocultural. EdUMEG, Belo Horizonte, pp. 139–157

Ladio AH (2001) The Maintenance of Wild Edible Plant Gathering in a Mapuche Community of Patagonia. Economic Botany 55:243–254 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02864562

Ladio AH, Damascos MA (2000) La invasión de plantas exóticas y la conservacion de plantas nativas en baldíos suburbanos. Medio Ambiente 13:27–34

Ladio AH, Lozada M (2004) Summer Cattle Transhumance and Wild Edible Plant Gathering in a Mapuche Community of Northwestern Patagonia. Human Ecology 32:225–241 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HUEC.0000019764.62185.99

Ladio AH, Molares S (2017) Etnoconservacionismo y prácticas locales en Patagonia: avances y perspectivas. In: Casas A, Torres-Guevara J, Parra Rondinel F (eds) Domesticación en el continente americano: Investigación para el manejo sustentable de recursos genéticos en el Nuevo Mundo. First ed. Editorial Morellavalladolid, Morelia, México., pp. 391–411

Lambaré DA, Vignale ND, Pochettino ML (2015) Las ferias y festivales regionales como instancia de reafirmación del patrimonio biocultural en la quebrada de Humahuaca (Jujuy, Argentina): el intercambio de duraznos (Prunus Persica). Gaia Scientia 9:7–16

Lins Neto EMDF, Peroni N, Casas A, Parra F, Aguirre X, Guillén S, Albuquerque UP (2014) Brazilian and Mexican experiences in the study of incipient domestication. Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine 10:33 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-10-33

Lockwood JL, Hoopes M, Marchetti M (2013) Invasion ecology. Second ed. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester,UK

Łuczaj Ł, Pieroni A (2016) Nutritional Ethnobotany in Europe: From Emergency Foods to Healthy Folk Cuisines and Contemporary Foraging Trends. In: Sánchez Mata M, Tardío J (eds) Mediterranean Wild Edible Plants: Ethnobotany and Food Composition Tables. Springer Science+Business Media, New York, pp. 33–56 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3329-7_3

Łuczaj Ł, Szymański WM (2007) Wild vascular plants gathered for consumption in the Polish countryside: A review. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 3:1–22 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-3-17

Maffi L (2005) Linguistic, Cultural, and Biological Diversity. Annual Review of Anthropology 34:343–361 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anthro.34.081804.120437

Medeiros PM, Ferreira WS, Ramos MA, Da Silva TC, Ladio AH, Albuquerque UP (2017) Why do people use exotic plants in their local medical systems? A systematic review based on Brazilian local communities. PLoS ONE 12:1–14 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185358

Milanesi LDS, Peroni N, dos Reis MS (2013) Use of the palm Euterpe edulis martius in landscape units managed by migrants of German origin in Southern Brazil. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 9:1–11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-47

Molares S, Ladio A (2009) Ethnobotanical review of the Mapuche medicinal flora: Use patterns on a regional scale. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 122:251–260 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.01.003

Mösbach EW (1992) Botánica indígena de Chile. Ed. Andrés Bello, Santiago de Chile, Chile

Ochoa J, Moncunill ELN, Puntieri J, Güenuleo BS, Stefe SE, Cardozo ML, Neranzi Barriga F, Martinez EE, Torrego S, Naon S (2019) Saberes locales y frutos comestibles de plantas nativas en la comarca andina del paralelo 42° (patagonia, argentina). Ethnoscientia 4:1–9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22276/ethnoscientia.v4i1.247

Parra F, Blancas JJ, Casas A (2012) Landscape management and domestication of Stenocereus pruinosus (Cactaceae) in the Tehuacan Valley: human guided selection and gene flow. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 8:32 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-8-32

Parra F, Casas A, Peñaloza-Ramírez JM, Cortés-Palomec AC, Rocha-Ramírez V, González-Rodríguez A (2010) Evolution under domestication: Ongoing artificial selection and divergence of wild and managed Stenocereus pruinosus (Cactaceae) populations in the Tehuacán Valley, Mexico. Annals of Botany 106:483–496 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcq143

Raffaele E, de Torres Curth M, Morales C, Kitzberger T (eds.) (2014) Ecología e historia natural de la Patagonia Andina: un cuarto de siglo de investigación en biogeografía, ecología y conservación. Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Reis MS, Montagna T, Mattos AG, Filippon S, Ladio AH, Marques ADC, Zechini A a., Peroni N, Mantovani A (2018) Domesticated Landscapes in Araucaria Forests, Southern Brazil: A Multispecies Local Conservation-by-Use System. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 6:1–14 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2018.00011

Reis MS, Ladio A, Peroni N (2014) Landscapes with Araucaria in South America: Evidence for a cultural dimension. Ecology and Society 19: 1-14 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-06163-190243

Reyes-García V, Guèze M, Luz AC, Paneque-Gálvez J, Macía MJ, Orta-Martínez M, Pino J, Rubio-Campillo X (2013) Evidence of traditional knowledge loss among a contemporary indigenous society. Evolution and Human Behavior 34:249–257 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2013.03.002

Richeri M, Cardoso MB, Ladio AH, Cardoso B, Ladio AH (2013) Soluciones locales y flexibilidad en el conocimiento ecológico tradicional frente a procesos de cambio ambiental: estudios de caso en Patagonia. Ecología Austral 23:184–193 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.3.0.1173

Sampaio Sieber S, da Silva TC, Zenóbia de Oliveira Campos L, Zank S, Albuquerque UP (2014) Participatory Methods in Ethnobiological and Ethnoecological Research. In: Albuquerque UP (ed) Methods and Techniques in Ethnobiology and Ethnoecology. Springer, New York, pp. 39–58 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8636-7_3

Sansanelli S, Ferri M, Salinitro M, Tassoni A (2017) Ethnobotanical survey of wild food plants traditionally collected and consumed in the Middle Agri Valley (Basilicata region, southern Italy). Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 13:1–10 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-017-0177-4

Schmeda-Hirschmann G, Jiménez-Aspee F, Theoduloz C, Ladio A (2019) Patagonian berries as native food and medicine. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 241:1-27 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.111979

Schunko C, Grasser S, Vogl CR (2015) Explaining the resurgent popularity of the wild: Motivations for wild plant gathering in the Biosphere Reserve Grosses Walsertal, Austria. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 11:1-14 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0032-4

Schunko C, Grasser S, Vogl CR (2012) Intracultural variation of knowledge about wild plant uses in the Biosphere Reserve Grosses Walsertal ( Austria ). Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine 8:1–11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-8-23

Soto-Covasich J, Reyes-Farias M, Torres RF, Vasquez K, Duarte L, Quezada J, Jimenez P, Pino MT, Garcia-Nannig L, Mercado L, Garcia-Diaz DF (2020) A polyphenol-rich Calafate (Berberis microphylla) extract rescues glucose tolerance in mice fed with cafeteria diet. Journal of Functional Foods 67:1-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.103856

Sousa Júnior JR, Collevatti RG, Lins Neto EMF, Peroni N, Albuquerque UP (2016) Traditional management affects the phenotypic diversity of fruits with economic and cultural importance in the Brazilian Savanna. Agroforestry Systems 92:11–21 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-016-0005-1

Stampella PC, Lambaré DA, Hilgert NI, Pochettino ML (2013) What the Iberian conquest bequeathed to us: The fruit trees introduced in argentine subtropic - Their history and importance in present traditional medicine. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013:1–17 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/868394

Tardío J, Pardo-De-Santayana M (2008) Cultural importance indices: A comparative analysis based on the useful wild plants of southern Cantabria (northern Spain). Economic Botany 62:24–39 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12231-007-9004-5

Ticktin T (2015) The ecological sustainability of non-timber forest product harvest: principles and methods. In: Shackleton CM (ed) Ecological Sustainability for Non-timber Forest Products. Taylor & Francis, Oxfordshire, pp. 31–53

Ticktin T (2004) The ecological implications of harvesting non-timber forest products. Journal of Applied Ecology 41:11–21 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2004.00859.x

Viña A, García Frapolli E, Hussain S, Merino L, Akong Minang P, Nagabhatla N, Bavanera P, Pfaff A (2019) Status and trends; indirect and direct drivers of change. The IPBES Global Assessment on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. pp. 1–245

Wadt LHO, Kainer K a., Staudhammer CL, Serrano ROP (2008) Sustainable forest use in Brazilian extractive reserves: Natural regeneration of Brazil nut in exploited populations. Biological Conservation 141:332–346 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2007.10.007

Zimmermann H, Von Wehrden H, Damascos MA, Bran D, Welk E, Renison D, Hensen I (2011) Habitat invasion risk assessment based on Landsat 5 data, exemplified by the shrub Rosa rubiginosa in southern Argentina. Austral Ecology 36:870–880 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2010.02230.x

Zuur AF, Leno EN (2016) A protocol for conducting and presenting results of regression-type analyses. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 7:636–645 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12577

Zuur AF, Leno EN, Walker NJ, Saveliev AA, Smith GM (2009) Mixed effects models and extensions in ecology with R. Springer Science+Business Media, New York, USA DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-87458-6